Whole lake response to an artificial mixing experiment

Poster Number: 
196
Presenter/Primary Author: 
Ashley Shade
Co-Authors: 
Jordan S Read
Co-Authors: 
Noah R Lottig
Co-Authors: 
Timothy K Kratz
Co-Authors: 
Eric E Roden
Co-Authors: 
Emily H Stanley
Co-Authors: 
Chin H Wu
Co-Authors: 
Katherine D McMahon

Global change may alter the frequency and seasonality of temperate lake mixing, with unknown ecosystem consequences. Mixing disrupts vertical chemical and physical gradients, such as dissolved oxygen (DO) and temperature, which then influence biological dynamics. We conducted a mixing manipulation to observe whole lake response to episodic mixing, with a focus on the physical and chemical drivers of bacterioplankton communities. We mixed a temperate, dimictic bog lake during summer stratification. An instrumented buoy measured high-resolution thermal profiles, surface DO, carbon dioxide, and meteorological variables, and autoprofiled vertical DO, turbidity, redox, temperature, chlorophyll, and conductivity. Bacterial community and water chemistry samples were collected from the integrated epilimnion and hypolimnion. We collected additional water from discrete depths to investigate microbially mediated terminal electron acceptor (e.g. iron, sulfide, methane) changes during the experiment. We mixed the lake by mechanically oscillating large volumes of water at the deep hole of the lake, and using this novel method, mixing was achieved after eight days. Prior to treatment, the hypolimnion was anoxic and near 5 C. The hypolimnion eroded into the epilimnion until mixing at 19 C. Though the lake slowly re-stratified, the hypolimnion temperature remained high throughout summer, leading to a more rapid and pronounced bacterial community succession occurred than had been previously observed. Oppositely, DO depleted in the hypolimnion within four days following mixing, and remained low until fall turnover. We tracked the whole lake recovery until fall overturn, which occurred earlier than nearby lakes with similar mixing regimes, and as compared to the previous season. The bacterial communities in the epilimnion and hypolimnion converged at mixing, and then diverged along separate seasonal trajectories. Our results indicate that altered mixing regimes can have drastic affects on lake ecosystems, and should be considered in global change scenarios.

Student Poster: 
Yes