Hydrologic Controls of Nutrient Fluxes in Glacial Meltwater Streams at Daily, Seasonal, and Inter-annual Timescales in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica

Poster Number: 
91
Presenter/Primary Author: 
Mitchell Weaver
Co-Authors: 
Michael N. Gooseff
Co-Authors: 
Diane M. McKnight

In the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, glaciers are hydrologically linked to closed-basin lakes at the valley floor by glacial melt water streams. We propose that the dynamics of meltwater generation and sub-stream thaw depth control the potential for the hyporheic zone and benthic communities to influence transport of nutrients and dissolved ions downstream. Little is known about the temporal variability of nutrient fluxes to the Dry Valley lakes. Using the McMurdo LTER database, we compared trends between electrical conductivity (EC), nutrient concentration, and discharge at inter-annual and seasonal scales for 8 streams from 1990 to 2008. There was found to be no correlation between the flow season duration and cumulative discharge. Also, there was a weak correlation between a season’s average EC and average discharge. Nutrient concentrations from weekly grab samples appear to have little correlation with instantaneous flow values. Within each season, it is apparent that EC is responsive to sudden changes in discharge, but this response is not consistent (i.e., positive or negative) among events or streams. During the 2008-09 Antarctic field season, we complemented downstream LTER stream gauges by monitoring EC and water level in the headwaters of two streams. Supplemented with two dates of diurnal nutrient and dissolved ion sampling events on each stream, this data indicates that there is a finite source of dissolved constituents. At the time of the diurnal sampling, increases in flow would cause decreases in EC. Early nutrient sampling results suggest that nutrient fluxes are largely controlled by daily fluctuations in discharge also.

Student Poster: 
Yes