The distribution of mangrove biomass and forest structure along Shark River estuary in the Florida Coastal Everglades (FCE) has been correlated with elevated total phosphorus concentration in soils thought to be associated with storm events. The passage of Hurricane Wilma across Shark River estuary in 2005 allowed us to test this hypothesis by sampling chemical properties and spatial pattern of sediment deposits in mangrove forests along FCE sites in December 2005 and October 2006. The thickness (0.5 to 4.5 cm) of hurricane sediment deposits decreased with distance inland at each site. Bulk density, organic mater content, total nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations, and inorganic and organic P pools of hurricane sediment deposits differed from surface (0-10 cm) mangrove soils at each site. Vertical accretion resulting from this hurricane event was 8-17 times greater than the annual accretion rate (0.30 ± 0.03 cm yr^-1) averaged over the last 50 yrs. Total N and P inputs from storm-derived sediments were equivalent to 1-2 times the average surface soil nutrient density of N (2.8 mg cm^-3) and P (0.18 mg cm^-3). Allochthonous mineral inputs from Hurricane Wilma represent a critical source of sediment that determine soil vertical accretion rates and nutrient resource gradients in mangroves of southwestern Everglades. Patterns of P deposition to mangrove soils associated with this storm event are particularly significant to forest development due to the P-limited condition of this carbonate ecosystem. This source of P may be important adaptation of Neotropical mangrove forests to projected impact of sea-level rise.